Polynomial-based method for linearizing the temperature response of NTC thermistors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/SRIT.2308-8893.2026.1.04Keywords:
temperature measurement, NTC thermistor, MATLAB Simulink, linearizationAbstract
The objective of this research is to develop a circuit-based method for linearizing the temperature characteristics of thermistors using a polynomial digital technique for NTC-thermistor temperature characteristics, together with the characteristics of the designed measurement channel, by means of an original MATLAB Simulink model. A model of a temperature-measurement device employing a thermistor-based sensor is proposed. The polynomial digital method for linearizing the temperature characteristics of NTC thermistors in the developed device has been simulated. To improve measurement accuracy, the components of the measurement channel were selected such that they enable simulation with minimal error. Methods for introducing correction-coefficient values into the model have been determined to compensate for error-inducing factors, including the thermistor’s self-heating effect. The proposed data-processing algorithm offers advantages for implementation in a low-cost, low-power microcontroller.References
T. Islam, S.C. Mukhopadhyay, “Linearization of the sensors characteristics: a review,” Int. J. Smart Sens. Intell. Syst., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1–21, 2019. doi: https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2019-007
A.J. Lopez-Martin, A. Carlosena, “Sensor signal linearization techniques: A compara-tive analysis,” in 2013 IEEE 4th Latin Amer. Symp. Circuits Syst. (LASCAS), Cusco, Feb. 27–Mar. 1, 2013, pp. 1–4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/lascas.2013.6519013
J.M. Dias Pereira, P.M.B. Silva Girao, O. Postolache, “Fitting transducer characteris-tics to measured data,” IEEE Instrum. & Meas. Mag., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 26–39, 2001. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/5289.975463
T. Nenov, S. Ivanov, “Linearization of characteristics of relative humidity sensor and compensation of temperature impact,” Sensors Mater., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 095–106, 2007.
H. Erdem, “Implementation of software-based sensor linearization algorithms on low-cost microcontrollers,” ISA Trans., vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 552–558, 2010. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2010.04.004
“Chip NTC Thermistor Simulation | Sensors and Sensor Systems - Temperature Sen-sors (NTC) - Chip NTC Thermistors (Sensor),” TDK Product Center. Accessed on: May. 5, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://product.tdk.com/en/search/sensor/ntc/chip-ntc-thermistor/simulation
“NTC Thermistor Performance Simulator,” Murata Manufacturing Co. Accessed on: May 5, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ds.murata.co.jp/simsurfing/ntcthermistor.html?rgear=suaykx&rgearinfo=com&md5=67c837df0f254f67edb244383dec4b71
“Chip thermistor resistance simulator | SOLUTIONS / KNOWLEDGE | Electronic ma-terials and components | Mitsubishi Materials,” Mitsubishi Materials. Accessed on: May 6, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.mmc.co.jp/adv/en/solution/simulator.html
J.G. Webster, Measurement, Instrumentation and Sensors Handbook. Taylor Francis Group, 1998, 2608 p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003040019
L.E. Bengtsson, “Lookup table optimization for sensor linearization in small embedded systems,” J. Sensor Technol., vol. 02, no. 04, pp. 177–184, 2012. doi: https://doi.org/10.4236/jst.2012.24025
S.B. Stankovic, P.A. Kyriacou, “Comparison of thermistor linearization techniques for accurate temperature measurement in phase change materials,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., vol. 307, Art. no. 012009, 2011. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/307/1/012009
“NTC Thermistors, General technical information,” TDK Electronics - TDK Europe. Accessed on: May 6, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.tdk-electronics.tdk.com/download/531116/19643b7ea798d7c4670141a88cd993f9/pdf-general-technical-information.pdf
J. Jovanović, D. Denić, “NTC thermistor nonlinearity compensation using wheatstone bridge and novel dual-stage single-flash piecewise-linear ADC,” Metrol. Meas. Syst., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 523–537, 2021. doi: https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2021.136616
H. Ebrahimi-Darkhaneh, “Measurement error caused by self-heating in NTC and PTC thermistors,” Analog Des. J., pp. 1–8, 2019. Available: https://www.ti.com/lit/an/slyt774/slyt774.pdf?ts=1736163042225
S. Matvienko, S. Vysloukh, A. Matvienko, A. Martynchyk, “Determination thermal and physical characteristics of liquids using pulse heating thermistor method,” Int. J. Eng. Res. & Sci., vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 250–258, 2016.
G. Tymchik, S. Matvienko, I. Sikorsky, P. Kisała, K. Nurseitova, A. Iskakova, “Im-proving the way of determination substances thermal physical characteristics by direct heating thermistor method,” Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 123–128, 2019. doi: https://doi.org/10.15199/48.2019.04.21
S. Matvienko, S. Vysloukh, O. Martynchyk, “Increasing accuracy of measuring thermal conductivity of liquids by using the direct heating thermistor method,” Eastern-Eur. J. Enterprise Technol., vol. 4, no. 5(82), pp. 20–30, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2016.75459
M.V. Nikolic, B.M. Radojcic, O.S. Aleksic, M.D. Lukovic, P.M. Nikolic, “A Thermal Sensor for Water Using Self-Heated NTC Thick-Film Segmented Thermistors,” IEEE Sensors J., vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 1640–1645, 2011. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2010.2103309